The central bank of the United States, the Federal Reserve (FED), announced that it will start winding down its quantitative easing program in January 2014. Currently, the Fed purchases USD $85 billion worth of bonds per month but this amount will be reduced to USD $75 billion next month. The Fed came to this decision as prospects of the US labor market have shown a marked improvement, while economic growth is expected to accelerate to between 2.8 and 3.2 percent in 2014 and between 3.0 to 3.4 percent in 2015.

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Various analysts believe that the benchmark stock index of Indonesia (the Jakarta Composite Index or IHSG) can make a good jump in 2014 to the level of between 5,000 to 5,300 points (from 4,182 currently) despite the looming end of the Federal Reserve's quantitative easing program (QE3) which may result in temporary capital outflow from Indonesia's capital markets. The analysts believe that positive internal developments will provide solid support for the IHSG. These developments include the trade balance, rupiah exchange rate and general elections.

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The Bank of Japan (BoJ) and Bank Indonesia (BI) signed the third Bilateral Swap Arrangement (BSA) on 12 December 2013. The arrangement is an expansion of the current BSA which almost doubles the size of the facility from USD $12 billion to $22.76 billion. This arrangement also introduces a new feature in the form of a crisis prevention scheme to support potential and/or actual liquidity needs. Both institutions also agreed to establish a cross-border liquidity arrangement to enhance the stability of financial markets.

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In Bank Indonesia's Board of Governors' meeting - held on Thursday (12/12) - it was decided to keep the country's benchmark interest rate (BI rate) at 7.50 percent. Executive Director of Bank Indonesia's Communication Department Difi A. Johansyah said that the current rate of 7.50 percent is in line with the institution's inflation target of 4.5 percent (plus or minus one percent). The lending facility and deposite facility (Fasbi) rates are also maintained at 7.5 percent and 5.75 percent respectively.

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The central bank of Indonesia (Bank Indonesia) announced that Indonesia’s official reserve assets totaled USD $97.0 billion at the end of November 2013 thus unchanged from the end of the previous month. Bank Indonesia stated that this amount is equivalent to 5.5 months of import or 5.3 months of import and servicing of government external debt. After having grown sharply in recent years, Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves have fallen from USD $112.8 billion at end-2012 as Bank Indonesia tried to support the depreciating rupiah exchange rate.

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The latest report of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), titled "Structural Policy Challenges in Indonesia", mentions that Indonesia - with an annual GDP growth projection of about 6 percent - is estimated to be the country with the highest level of economic growth among the ASEAN countries between 2014 and 2018. The report is positive about the region's economic future that lies ahead, particularly China, despite the global crisis having managed to slow down economic expansion.

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According to the Bloomberg Dollar Index, the Indonesia rupiah exchange rate fell 0.09 percent to IDR 11,976 per US dollar as per 13:46:18 local Jakarta time on Friday (06/12). It is expected that this slight depreciation of the rupiah will continue for the remainder of the trading day. The rupiah received some support from Moody's Investors Service, which stated that the rupiah depreciation itself is not a trigger for a rating downgrade. The ratings agency affirmed the country's Baa3 rating due to Indonesia's strong growth and low debt level.

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The Indonesia rupiah exchange rate continued its depreciation on Wednesday (04/12). The central bank's Jakarta Interbank Spot Dollar Rate fell 1.09 percent to IDR 11,960 per US dollar after absorbing the impact of the currency's weak performance on yesterday's spot market. On Tuesday (03/12), local Indonesian companies were buying US dollars at a more attractive exchange rate after the currency had appreciated previously, thus placing serious downward pressure on the currency of Southeast Asia's largest economy.

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Although according to Bank Indonesia's Jakarta Interbank Spot Dollar Rate, the Indonesian IDR rupiah exchange rate appreciated 0.97 percent to IDR 11,830 per US dollar on Tuesday (03/12), the currency declined 0.98 percent to IDR 11,885 as of 02.01 ET according to the Bloomberg Dollar Index. The difference between both rates is caused by the fact that Bank Indonesia's rate had not yet absorbed the positive reaction of market participants toward trade and inflation data that were released on Monday (02/12).

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The Indonesian rupiah exchange rate extended its losing streak on Thursday (28/11). Bank Indonesia's mid rate plunged 0.99 percent to IDR 11,930 per US dollar, thus moving closer toward the psychological level of 12,000. Various local banks have already set the value of the currency above the 12,000 level on the spot market. It is the weakest level of the rupiah since 2009. Since Monday (25/11), the mid rate has depreciated 1.77 percent. This year so far, the currency has fallen 23.37 percent, thus becoming the worst performing Asian currency.

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Last month, we saw that the Indonesian rupiah started appreciating when the world was focused on the US Federal Reserve’s response to the collapse of three American banks (followed by trouble at Credit Suisse).

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There are analysts who believe that the international banking crisis that started in the second week of March 2023 is just the beginning of more to come. After Credit Suisse was affected amid the global decline of confidence in the banking sector, some now fear that German bank Deutsche Bank could be the next victim. What does this mean for the Indonesian rupiah?

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In line with expectations, the central bank of Indonesia (Bank Indonesia) kept its benchmark interest rate (BI 7-Day Reverse Repo Rate) at 5.75 percent after the two-day policy meeting on 15-16 February 2023. It also kept its deposit facility and the lending facility at 5.00 percent and 6.50 percent, respectively.

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As expected, the central bank of Indonesia (Bank Indonesia) decided to impose a 50 basis points (bps) interest rate hike after concluding its two-day monetary policy meeting on 16-17 November 2022.

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As usual, we devote our first article to the Indonesian economy. But before we zoom in on the latest macroeconomic data of Indonesia, we first provide some context by discussing the global economy.

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In the second half of September 2022 the Indonesian rupiah experienced some steep depreciating pressures, nearly touching IDR 15,300 per US dollar. It prompted Bank Indonesia to step and intervene in markets to limit the currency’s decline; a step that typically leads to a drop in the country’s foreign exchange reserves.

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Indonesia’s central bank (Bank Indonesia) – finally – decided to raise its benchmark interest rate by 25 basis points to 3.75 percent after concluding its two-day policy meeting on 23 August 2022, thereby joining the global wave of rate hikes as central banks need to combat accelerated inflation, while –especially in emerging markets – higher rates also function to prevent too much capital outflows as US assets become more attractive amid aggressive US Federal Reserve tightening.

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Again, the central bank of Indonesia (Bank Indonesia) kept its benchmark interest rate (called the ‘BI Seven-Day Reverse Repo Rate’) at 3.50 percent after concluding its latest monetary policy meeting (on 20-21 July 2022).

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We were surprised to learn that Indonesia’s central bank (Bank Indonesia) decided to leave its interest rates unchanged at the two-day monetary policy meeting on 23-24 May 2022. The benchmark BI 7-Day Reverse Repo Rate was kept at 3.50 percent, while the deposit facility and lending facility rates were maintained at 2.75 percent and 4.25 percent, respectively. We had expected Bank Indonesia to raise its key rate by 0.25 percent to 3.75 percent at this occasion.

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In the last week of December 2021, Perry Warjiyo, Governor of Indonesia’s central bank (Bank Indonesia), sent a strong signal to markets that the benchmark interest rate of Indonesia (seven-day reverse repo rate) will not be raised before Q3-2022. This is much later than we initially expected.

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