The Federal Reserve's decision not to change its quantitative easing program seems to have led to a bullish market in Asia. Indonesia's benchmark stock index (IHSG) rose 4.37 percent to 4,658.2 points after the first session on Thursday's trading day (19/09). All sectoral indices were up, with the property sector in leading position. Big cap stocks, in particular, performed well. Investors are relieved that the Fed did not alter its stimulus program. Thus, funds are expected to continue flowing to emerging markets, including Indonesia.

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Fortune Indonesia, a business magazine, has compiled a top 100 of the most profitable Indonesian companies that were listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2012. The list was published on Tuesday (09/07) in Jakarta. The company that is leading Fortune's ranking is Astra International, one of the largest diversified conglomerates in Indonesia. Astra is not only the most profitable (net profit) company that is listed on the IDX but also the leading company in terms of highest revenue.

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In recent years, Astra International, one of Indonesia's largest diversified conglomerates, dominated the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in terms of market capitalization. However, it increasingly felt the competition of HM Sampoerna, Indonesia's largest tobacco company. Over the last five years, HM Sampoerna's market capitalization grew by a staggering 746.2 percent. It is also interesting to note that a  handful of Indonesian companies account for over one-third of market capitalization of Indonesia's stock exchange.

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Market capitalization of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) has surpassed its psychological boundary of IDR 5,000 trillion (USD $512.82 billion) last week, supported by the new record high level position of the Indonesia Stock Index (IHSG) on Friday at 5,145.68 points. Up to 17 May 2013, the IHSG gained 18.41 percent this year, thus outperforming all other major stock indices in Asia except for the Philippines and Japan's Nikkei, which gained 41.64 percent this year amid an aggressive stimulus plan of the central bank of Japan.

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Director of Corporate Valuation of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IHSG), Hoesen, said that the stock exchange expects 150 companies to conduct an initial public offering (IPO) on the IHSG within the next five years. In other words, an average of 30 newly-listed companies per year. Also, the amount of domestic investors in Indonesia is expected to increase to become one percent (of the 240 million-numbering population).

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For a long time, Astra International, one of Indonesia's largest diversified conglomerates and present in almost every sector of the country's economy, was the leading company regarding the highest market capitalization on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IHSG). Now, however, Astra has been overtaken by HM Sampoerna, Indonesia's largest tobacco company that controls 30 percent of the Indonesian tobacco market and is majority-owned by Philip Morris.

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While the Jakarta Composite Index has been touching record high levels recently, there emerged a new leader on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Indonesia's largest telecommunication and network provider Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Telkom) is now the largest company in Indonesia in terms of market capitalization on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. It replaced tobacco manufacturer HM Sampoerna that fell to third position.

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Market participants are waiting for the outcome of the Federal Reserve's FOMC meeting, which will deal with the future of the quantitative easing program. The wait and see attitude of investors made the benchmark index of Indonesia (IHSG) fall 1.20 percent to 4,463.25 points. Few big cap stocks were able to rise and although some second liners were up, it was not enough to push the IHSG into the green zone. The rupiah continued to weaken and foreign investors were again mostly selling their Indonesian assets.

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Indonesia's largest company by market capitalization is still HM Sampoerna, the country's largest tobacco company. The company has been the top company in Indonesia since March 2013 when it replaced Astra International, Indonesia's largest diversified conglomerate, on the top spot. Astra had been Indonesia's largest company since 2010. Currently, the third-largest company in terms of market capitalization is Unilever Indonesia. Unilever, which is Indonesia’s largest consumer goods producer, jumped four places in the ranking since late 2012.

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After Wall Street turned back into the green zone on Tuesday (13/08) and was accompanied by continued rising stock indices in Europe, it provided good support for Asian stock indices on Wednesday (14/08), including Indonesia's main stock index (IHSG). Indonesian mining commodities and plantation stocks fell but these losses were offset by rising big cap stocks (particularly finance stocks) and speculation that Indonesia's central bank will keep its benchmark interest rate (BI rate) at 6.50 percent.

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Stock indices in the United States were up for the third day in a row on Thursday (27/06). Main reason for this upward trend are various positive macroeconomic figures from the USA. The number of homes under contract to be sold (excluding new construction) grew 6.7 percent in May, while analysts had forecast growth of about 1 percent from the previous month. Personal spending, which accounts for about 70 percent of the domestic economy, grew 0.3 percent in May, while personal income rose 0.5 percent.

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For three consecutive days, Indonesia's main stock index (IHSG) had to cope with significant losses. On Tuesday (11/06), the index fell 3.50 percent to 4,609.95 points, considerably below its record high level of 5,214 on 20 May 2013. Foreign investors recorded a net sell of IDR 3.98 trillion (USD $406.1 million) as domestic conditions in Indonesia are unstable. Moreover, investors are concerned about governments (USA and Japan) that want to slow down their stimulus programs as various economic data are showing positive outcomes.

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Last week, I provided a basic introduction to investments in Indonesia's capital markets. Now, I will devote my column to the ten largest Indonesian companies by market capitalization. But first let me explain why I take the ten largest companies? Well, simply because these ten companies account for 43.71 percent of Indonesia's total market capitalization. In other words, they reflect almost half of the current condition of the country's capital markets.

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