Macroeconomic Indicators of Indonesia
This section provides detailed accounts of specific macroeconomic indicators that function as important tools to measure the current condition of the Indonesian economy. Analyses of such statistics can help to predict future economic developments and performance.
Click on an economic indicator below to read a detailed account.
Last Update: 12 November 2024
| 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024¹ | 2025¹ | |
| • Gross Domestic Product² (annual % change) |
3.69 | 5.31 | 5.05 | 5.0¹ | 5.0¹ |
| • Inflation/CPI (annual % change) |
1.87 | 5.51 | 2.61 | 1.75¹ | 2.00¹ |
| • Government Debt (% of GDP) |
41.0 | 39.6 | 38.6 | 40.0¹ | 41.0¹ |
| • Exchange Rate (IDR/USD) |
14,269 | 15,352 | 15,416 | 15,500¹ | 15,000¹ |
| • Benchmark Interest Rate (%) |
3.50 | 5.50 | 6.00 | 5.75¹ | |
| • Current Account Balance (% of GDP) |
0.3 | 1.3 | -0.1 | -1.0¹ | |
| • Population (in millions) |
274 | 275 | 277 | 280¹ | |
| • Poverty (% of population) |
9.7 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.0¹ | |
| • Unemployment (% of work force) |
6.5 | 5.9 | 5.3 | 4.8¹ | |
| • Foreign Exchange Reserves (in billion USD) |
144.9 | 137.2 | 146.4 | 149.9¹ |
¹ indicates a forecast
| 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
| • Gross Domestic Product² (annual % change) |
5.0 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.02 | -2.07 |
| • Inflation/CPI (annual % change) |
3.0 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 1.68 |
| • Government Debt (% of GDP) |
27.9 | 28.5 | 31.5 | 30.0 | 38.1 |
| • Exchange Rate (IDR/USD) |
13,309 | 13,381 | 14,250 | 14,250 | 14,577 |
| • Benchmark Interest Rate (%) |
4.75 | 4.25 | 6.00 | 5.00 | 3.75 |
| • Current Account Balance (% of GDP) |
-1.8 | -1.7 | 2.9 | -2.7 | -0.4 |
| • Population (in millions) |
261 | 264 | 267 | 270 | 270 |
| • Poverty (% of population) |
10.7 | 10.1 | 10.0 | 9.8 | 10.2 |
| • Unemployment (% of work force) |
5.6 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 7.7 |
| • Foreign Exchange Reserves (in billion USD) |
116.4 | 130.2 | 120.7 | 131.7 | 135.9 |
| 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | |
| • Gross Domestic Product² (annual % change) |
6.2 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 5.0 | 4.8 |
| • Inflation/CPI (annual % change) |
5.4 | 4.3 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 3.4 |
| • Government Debt (% of GDP) |
23.1 | 23.0 | 24.9 | 24.7 | 26.9 |
| • Exchange Rate (IDR/USD) |
8,773 | 9,419 | 11,563 | 11,800 | 13,389 |
| • Current Account Balance (% of GDP) |
0.2 | -2.8 | -3.3 | -3.1 | -2.1 |
| • Benchmark Interest Rate (%) |
6.00 | 5.75 | 7.50 | 7.75 | 7.50 |
| • Population (in millions) |
245 | 248 | 251 | 254 | 258 |
| • Poverty (% of population) |
12.5 | 11.7 | 11.5 | 11.0 | 11.2 |
| • Unemployment (% of work force) |
6.6 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 6.2 |
| • Foreign Exchange Reserves (in billion USD) |
110.1 | 112.8 | 99.4 | 111.9 | 105.9 |
² Statistics Indonesia (BPS) shifted the basis of the computation from the year 2000 to 2010 and adopted a significantly updated methodology, hence GDP growth results between 2010 and 2014 have been revised in early 2015
Sources: Indonesia Investments, World Bank, Statistics Indonesia (BPS), Bank Indonesia, International Monetary Fund (IMF), and Fitch Ratings