News Indonesia's Automotive Industry: Investment & Production

One of the three car manufacturers that is set to expand its production capacity in Indonesia is Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indonesia (TMMI), the local unit of Japan-based Toyota Motor Corporation. TMMI announced it will invest up to IDR $5.4 trillion (approx. USD $400 million) this year to upgrade its car production capacity in Karawang (West Java). TMMI owns three plants at this location. When its investment plan is completed, total annual production capacity at these plants will rise to 466,000 vehicles.

Besides upgrading its existing assembly plants, the company will also construct a new engine plant in Karawang. Output will not only be sold domestically but is also expected to be exported abroad.

The second car manufacturer that will also invest this year to enhance production capacity is Krama Yudha Tiga Berlian Motors, the official distributor for Mitsubishi vehicles in Indonesia. The company is in the middle of constructing a new plant that will produce multi purpose vehicles (MPVs) and the sport utility vehicle (SUV). This new plant costs IDR 6.6 trillion and is expected to be operational in 2017.

There is also a newcomer in Indonesia's automotive industry: China-based SAIC-GM Wuling Automobile Company Ltd, known for its Wuling cars. The company is currently developing a USD $700 million manufacturing plant in Cikarang (West Java). The plant, the company's first one in Indonesia, will produce the Wuling Hongguang and Baojun 730 MPVs.

Based on data from the Indonesia Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM), investment realization in Indonesia's automotive industry was recorded at IDR 23.57 trillion (approx. USD $1.7 billion) in 2015, up 6.5 percent (y/y) compared to investment realization in the preceding year.

Indonesia's Domestic Car Sales and Car Exports:

	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015
Car Sales (car units)	607,805	486,061	764,710	894,164	1,116,230	1,229,916	1,208,019	1,013,291
Car Exports (car units)	100,982	56,669	85,769	107,932	173,368	170,907	202,273	207,691

^{Source: Gaikindo}

Indonesia's Automotive Industry within ASEAN

According to the latest data from the ASEAN Automotive Federation (AAF), Indonesia's car production in 2015 declined 15 percent to 1.09 million vehicles, implying that Indonesia was among the biggest decliners in terms of car production last year. As around 90 percent of cars that are manufactured in Indonesia are sold on the domestic market, domestic car demand has a decisive impact on production figures. In 2015 car demand in Indonesia fell 16 percent (y/y) to 1.01 million vehicles (from 1.21 million vehicles in the preceding year) due to weaker purchasing power amid tough macroeconomic conditions. As car dealers still had large stocks, manufacturers curtailed production. As Indonesia's total installed car production capacity stands at 2 million vehicles per year, it implies an utilization ratio close to 50 percent, a figure that should not encourage additional investment in Indonesia's automotive industry. However, with Indonesia's per capita car ownership still low, a huge population (including a rapidly expanding middle class), expected acceleration of infrastructure development and expected accelerated economic growth in the years ahead, the industry has a positive outlook.

Although Indonesia's car demand in 2016 is estimated to grow modestly (+5 percent y/y), in line with the country's expected accelerated GDP growth (5.3 percent y/y in 2016), the Indonesian Automotive Industry Association (Gaikindo) projects Indonesian car sales to grow to (an annual) two million vehicles by 2020 and to three million by 2025, while overtaking Thailand's position as the major car hub in the ASEAN region.

Currently, Thailand remains the biggest car producer in the ASEAN region, producing a total of 1.91 million vehicles in 2015, up from 1.88 million units in the preceding year. Contrary to Indonesia, Thailand's automotive industry is highly export-oriented.

Car Production in ASEAN:

Country	2014	2015	Year/Year   Growth
Thailand	1.88 mln	1.91 mln	+2%
Indonesia	1.29 mln	1.09 mln	-16%
Malaysia	596,418	614,664	+3%
Vietnam	121,084	171,753	+42%
Philippines	88,845	98,768	+11%

^{Source: ASEAN Automotive Federation (AAF)}

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