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A small 0.62 percent year-on-year (y/y) growth was detected in Indonesia's textile exports in the first half of 2017. This modest growth was supported by a 20.4 percent (y/y) rise in knitwear exports. Ade Sudrajat, Chairman of the Indonesian Textile Association (API), said Indonesia's downstream textile manufacturers were actually pleased with this result as it exceeds expectations amid bleak textile demand from various countries.
Indonesia's textile and textile products industry remains under pressure this year. Exports of Indonesian textile and textile products are only expected to grow 1 percent to USD $12.3 billion in full-year 2016, below the 3 percent target that was set by the Indonesian Textile Association (API). API Chairman Ade Sudrajat said exports in the first quarter only reached USD $2.6 billion. Moreover, even on the domestic market Indonesia has trouble to compete with imports of cheap textile and textile products from Vietnam and China.
Andi Gani Nenawea, Chairman of the Confederation of All Indonesian Workers' Union (KSPSI), said that layoffs in Indonesia could reach up to 100,000 in 2015 as various companies are cutting on operational costs amid the nation’s slowing economic growth. The most severely affected industries are the textile industry and commodities (such as the coal and oil & gas sectors).
The FIFA World Cup 2014, the world’s most prestigious football tournament (currently taking place in Brazil), boosts the textile and textile products industry of Indonesia. Local Indonesian companies have had to deal with a large increase of orders, particularly for apparel products. In the first six months of 2014, Indonesian exports of apparel products are expected to rise 15 percent to USD $3.5 billion. Between 10 and 15 percent of this total value involves exports of football jerseys of those teams that compete in the FIFA World Cup.
On Monday (09/12), the government of Indonesia outlined the long-awaited extension of its economic policy package that was released in August 2013. This extension involves new fiscal policies, aimed at reducing imports and supporting exports, that will be implemented at the start of 2014. An improving global economy in combination with the government's August package and yesterday's extension package is expected to reduce Indonesia's wide current account deficit to a sustainable level of below 3 percent of gross domestic product (GDP).
In order to improve the country's trade balance (particularly to curb the large current account deficit), the government of Indonesia will raise income tax on imported products through the issuance of a new ministerial regulation (issued by the Finance Ministry). Currently, there are two income tax tariffs on imported goods (see below). According to Finance Minister Chatib Basri, goods that will fall under the new regulation are consumption goods (except for food products). The new income tax tariff is expected to be implemented next week.
About 1.80 percent of global demand for textiles and textile products is met by Indonesian textile exports according to Indonesia's Ministry of Industry. The value of the country's textile exports is estimated at USD $12.6 billion. However - and in line with Indonesia's economic expansion - the ministry targets to meet four to five percent of overseas textile demand. The ministry asked the Indonesian Textile Association (API) to prepare a roadmap together for expansion.
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Indonesian exports of textile and textile products have already reached the value of USD $12.4 billion in 2017, exceeding the Indonesian Textile Association (API)'s target of USD $11.8 billion. The final (full-year) 2017 figure is expected to be higher as the last couple of weeks of 2017 are not included in the USD $12.4 billion. Robust textile demand from Southeast Asia and the Middle East was a decisive factor why the target was achieved.
An Import Identification Number (API) is required in case a company wishes to import goods into Indonesian territory. Without such number a company is not allowed to perform any import activities. Minister of Trade Regulation number 27/M-DAG/PER/5/2012 regarding Provisions on Importer Identification Number (API) as amended by Minister of Trade Regulation number 59/M-DAG/PER/9/2012 (Trade Regulation) regulates the types of API based on the intended use for the product imported.
The current account deficit of Indonesia is expected to ease further in the first quarter of 2014 due to a possible slowdown of imports according to Deputy Finance Minister Bambang Brodjonegoro. This slowdown is estimated to be caused by the implementation of Indonesia's higher income tax on the import of durable consumer goods, effective from January 2014. However, the deficit will not ease markedly from the USD $4 billion deficit (equivalent to 1.98 percent of the country's gross domestic product) recorded in the fourth quarter of 2013.
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